Modeling solar and hydrogen-based electricity generation in the Algerian Sahara with HOMER Pro

Abstract

Renewable energy sources offer a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, addressing the dual challenges of rising global energy demand and increasing pollutant emissions. Despite growing technological advances, there remains a need for reliable systems capable of providing stable electricity under extreme environmental conditions. This study addresses this gap by designing and modeling a hybrid energy system that integrates solar power with a hydrogen module to ensure consistent electricity production in harsh desert climates. The system was developed using advanced simulation software, incorporating photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, batteries, electrolysers, fuel cells, and inverters, allowing comprehensive technical and economic evaluation. The analysis identified an optimal configuration that maximizes efficiency while minimizing costs. Results indicate that the system can deliver substantial annual electricity generation predominantly from solar energy, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of combining renewable sources with hydrogen storage. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid renewable-hydrogen systems to provide sustainable, reliable, and environmentally friendly energy solutions in regions with extreme climatic conditions. The study offers practical insights for the design and deployment of future energy infrastructures that prioritize both performance and sustainability.

Keywords: HOMER Pro;  hydrogen energy; hybrid systems; renewable energy; solar power; sustainable electricity